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Canada PM presses China on rights, signs business deals

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Chinese President Xi Jinping welcomes Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, China, on 31 August 2016.
Chinese President Xi Jinping welcomes Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, China, on 31 August 2016.
Chinese President Xi Jinping welcomes Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, China, on 31 August 2016.

By Brenda Goh | Reuters

SHANGHAI, China, 1 September 2016

Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said on Thursday he had had difficult conversations with Chinese leaders on human rights, as his government announced the signing of 56 deals with China worth more than C$1.2 billion ($915 million).

Trudeau is seeking deeper ties with China but a trade dispute over canola, government divisions over China policy, and the case of a detained citizen could limit his gains.

A day earlier, the family of Canadian citizen Kevin Garratt, indicted by China in January on charges of spying and stealing state secrets, expressed frustration by the lack of progress in securing his release.

Speaking to businesspeople in China’s commercial capital of Shanghai following meetings with Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang in Beijing, Trudeau said he told both men that acceptance of diverse perspectives would strengthen China.

“And I remind everyone that as a country that has seen the benefits first hand of free expression and good governance, Canada encourages China to do more to promote and protect human rights,” he said.

“I know these are not easy conversations to have but they are necessary ones.”

China, the world’s second-largest economy, has also tried to sell Trudeau on a free trade treaty similar to pacts China has sealed with Australia and New Zealand.

Speaking earlier to reporters, Canadian trade minister Chrystia Freeland said Canadians should be proud China was interested in their country but signaled Canada was in no rush to strike a free trade agreement.

“We can be a great partner for China but our government is taking our time. We believe a deep and effective economic relationship with China needs to be built consistently, thoughtfully, carefully,” she said.

Officials have said they need to take into account Canadians’ hesitation about closer links with China.

A poll for the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada think-tank released on Monday showed that while 46 percent of Canadians supported a free trade treaty with China, only 11 percent backed investment by Chinese state-owned enterprises.

The deals signed on Thursday involve companies in sectors from seafood to clean technologies, Freeland added.

China stresses need for putting ties with Japan back on track

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““For Beijing, the G20 offers the chance, for the first time in history, to sit at the table as an equal partner with all major powers in the world in talking about the global economy,

Beijing has underscored the need for putting China-Japan ties back on track, and called on Japan to ‘play a constructive role’ during the upcoming G20 summit in China’s Hangzhou city. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang told a visiting Japanese envoy that both countries must cooperate in the interest of all.The 2016 G20 Hangzhou summit will be the eleventh G20 meeting.“A scenic and metropolitan capital in the southeast, Qiantang is forever prosperous”. With a history going back 2,200 years, Hangzhou is one of China’s seven ancient capitals. Today it serves as Zhejiang Province’s economic, cultural, technological and educational center.

Hangzhou has legendary beauty. Marco Polo praised it as the “most noble and magnificent city in the world”. Boasting the two World Heritage Sites of the West Lake and the Great Canal, natural scenery and majestic buildings are well merged in harmony. Rapid development and ongoing improvement of people’s life enrich and complement one another.

Hangzhou has a robust economy driven by passions of entrepreneurship. Its total economic output ranks fourth among China’s provincial capital cities. For years Hangzhou tops the chart of China’s Best Investment Destinations. It is proudly the host city for the International Cartoon & Animation Festival, the West Lake International Expo and the World Leisure Expo.

A beautiful land breeds fair people and phenomena.

Li’s call comes amid spats between Asia’s two biggest economies over several issues, including the territorial conflict in the East China Sea and wartime history.

Li told the head of Japan’s National Security Council, Shotaro Yachi, that Beijing and Tokyo must set aside differences and reduce negative elements in the bilateral ties, state news agency Xinhua reported.

According to Li, relations between China and Japan are in a delicate state, despite signs of improvement.

Yachi also met Yang Jiechi, China’s State Councilor who outranks the foreign minister, on Thursday (25 August). He too called for cooperation to ensure the success of the G20 summit.

Li said he hoped Japan would have a proper understanding of China and take advantage of China’s development.

Yang and Yachi signed a four-point agreement in 2014 on the sidelines of an Apec meeting in Beijing to improve Japan-China relations.

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China G20 summit

China, which will be hosting the G20 summit on 4 and 5 September, is pulling out all the stops to ensure its success. Earlier in August, it emerged that its host city of Hangzhou has embarked on a mission to teach basic English to its residents to help visitors to the summit, including top leaders from across the world, find their way around the neighbourhood.Hangzhou, covering 16,596 square kilometers including an urban area of 4,876 square kilometers, is home to more than 9 million residents.

“The city is surrounded on three sides by hills, which makes it difficult to expand,” Chen said.

It also announced the closure of nearly 250 factories in the nearby provinces to get rid of smog. Besides, the government reportedly gave expensive travel vouchers to some residents to travel to other tourist destinations in a move to reduce congestion.Hangzhou is one of China’s fastest developing cities, posting an economic growth rate of 10.8 percent in the first half of this year, which is well above the 6.7 percent registered by the country as a whole.Beside an equally scenic body of water in Hangzhou – the famed West Lake – it’s now China’s turn to decide who will enjoy the better spots and who will be kept some way away.

Thailand’s junta suspends Bangkok governor pending graft probes

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Reuters

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Democrat Party candidate and incumbent governor Sukhumbhand Paribatra gestures as he arrives at the Democrat Party headquarters in Bangkok March 3, 2013. REUTERS/Chaiwat Subprasom/Files

BANGKOK (Reuters) – Thailand’s military government suspended the governor of Bangkok, the country’s most senior elected official, on Thursday while the country’s attorney general investigates allegations of corruption and misuse of city funds.

The order suspending Sukhumbhand Paribatra, a member of the royal family and a former deputy foreign minister, was signed by junta chief Prayuth Chan-ocha and published in the Royal Gazette.

The governor’s office is facing several investigations for possible misuse of city funds, including a New Year light show in 2015 which cost 39.5 million baht ($1.14 million).

Sukhumbhand denies the allegations against him.

“If the investigation finds no evidence of wrongdoing, the accused will be reinstated,” said Colonel Taksada Sangchan, deputy spokeswoman at the Prime Minister’s Office.

The order to suspend Sukhumbhand came hours after he left Bangkok for South Korea’s capital Seoul on Thursday, where he was due to take part in celebrations cementing the friendship between the two cities.

A military coup that ousted a civilian government in May 2014 left Sukhumbhand as the highest-ranked elected official in Thailand.

Since his re-election in 2013, Sukhumbhand has been criticized by political opponents and the ruling junta for failing to address longstanding problems in Bangkok including traffic congestion and flooding.

Sukhumbhand, a member of Democrat Party, Thailand’s oldest political party, had been also criticized for failing to work with then-Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra during floods in 2011 that devastated the country and killed more than 900 people.

Travel Tales: Inside Mumbai’s Only Chinese Shrine, the Beautiful Kwan Kung Temple

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Sanchari Pal
The Better India
The city of Mumbai has always been like a beautiful mosaic of varied cultures, people and traditions. Back in the early 1900s, Mazagaon was home to Mumbai’s thriving See Yup Koon community. Originally from Canton in Southern China, these people moved to India when they were working for the East India Company. They settled in Mumbai as merchants, traders and sailors. In 1962, when the Sino-Indian War broke out, many of the city’s Chinese residents migrated back to China. However, a few families decided to stay on in their homes in what had come to be known as China Town. Today, this place is known as Dockyard Road, Mazagaon.

The beautiful Kwan Kung Temple, the only Chinese temple in Mumbai, is a landmark in the area and a nostalgic reminder of the thriving community that once lived here.

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The Kwan Kung Temple, built over 90 years ago, lies nestled in a quaint lane in a two-storey house in Mazagaon. Except for a small wooden gate painted in red, nothing about the ageing building suggests from the outside that there is a a place of worship inside.

On climbing the small wooden staircase to reach the inner shrine, one sees a mural of Fuk, Luk and Sau, the three Chinese gods of blessing, longevity, and prosperity, on the wall.

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Photo Source

The entrance to the shrine is adorned with wind chimes, paper lanterns and Chinese calligraphy.

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mazagaon-chinese-temple-6 More
Photo Source

On entering the temple one is greeted by different shades of scarlet. The walls, cupboards, the altar, even the doors and chairs, are all painted red, the most auspicious colour in Chinese culture. Traditional Chinese paraphernalia hang atop the elaborate and intricate altar, and neatly carved figurines sit in front, paying homage to the Chinese god of justice and courage, Guan Gong.

Swathed in silk and protecting the altar is Kwan Tai Kwon, the warrior god, who is believed to remove all obstacles.

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Three Dead, Scores of Ancient Buddhist Temples Damaged in Myanmar Quake

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By Shyamal  Sinha,New Delhi

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The ancient Dhammayangyi Temple is shrouded in dust as the 6.8-magnitude earthquake hits Bagan on 24 August. From orlandosentinal.com

A powerful earthquake shook Myanmar on Wednesday, killing at least three people and damaging more than 100 ancient Buddhist pagodas in the former capital of Bagan, a major tourist site.

The US Geological Survey (USGS) said the temblor struck just after 5pm (1030 GMT) yesterday at a depth of 84.1km near the Irrawaddy River port of Chauk—30km south of the ancient city of Bagan and some 175km southwest of the country’s second-largest city Mandalay. Myanmar Earthquake Committee secretary U Myo Thant said the earthquake had extended to nearly all of western Myanmar. Tremors were reportedly felt as far away as Dhaka in Bangladesh, Calcutta in India, and the Thai capital Bangkok.

“Two young girls died [in the town of Yenanchaung] when a pagoda collapsed on a river bank,” said Moe Thidar Win, deputy director of the Myanmar Red Cross Society’s disaster management team. “One man died in a Pakokku tobacco factory when the roof collapsed on him.” (Reuters)

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From Myanmar Times Twitter (@TheMyanmarTimes)

“We felt quite heavy shaking for about 10 seconds and started to evacuate the building when there was another strong tremor,” said Vincent Panzani of London-based charity Save the Children, from Pakkoku, a small town some 25km northeast of Bagan. “Most of the reports of damage have been to the pagodas in the area, with dozens impacted. There have also been reports of damage to smaller, more basic buildings. . . . Several of our staff who’ve lived in this part of Myanmar their whole lives said it was the strongest earthquake they’ve ever felt.” (Los Angeles Times, Reuters)

According to an estimate from Myanmar’s Ministry of Information at midday Thursday, 187 ancient Buddhist pagodas were damaged in Bagan, and 228 across the Mandalay Region. Well-known structures including the Dhammayangyi, Pya That Gyi, Sulamani temples were among those reportedly damaged by the quake, with the authorities speculating that the destruction could jeopardize Myanmar’s bid to have the Bagan Archaeological Zone recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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A temple in Bagan sustains damage during the earthquake.From orlandosentinal.com

“Now we are still checking others,” said U Aung Aung Kyaw, director of the Department of Archaeology, National Museum, and Library, under the Ministry of Culture. “We are disappointed the earthquake hit while we are trying to be listed by UNESCO.” Thein Lwin, deputy director general of the Bagan branch of the department noted, “We have been compiling a list of damaged structures, though we haven’t completed it.” (Myanmar Times, Radio Free Asia)

The Bagan Archaeological Zone in Myanmar’s Mandalay Region is one of the country’s principal tourist attractions and is also popular with religious pilgrims who come to visit the thousands of ancient Buddhist monuments spread over a 42-square-km plain and ringed by mist-covered mountains. The area is home to between 2,000 and 3,000 histroic structures, including pagodas and temples constructed from the 10th to 14th centuries when the city was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Pagan (849–1297). Many of the centuries-old Buddhist monuments are in disrepair, while others have been restored in recent years in cooperation with UNESCO.The quake was felt in a half-dozen states in neighboring India, where people dashed out of offices and homes in several places. It also caused buildings to sway in Bangkok, Thailand’s capital. There were no immediate reports of damage in either country.

Asanas for Rekindling the Digestive Fire

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If you recall the episode from Ramayana, you will find that Ravan appeared to be invincible despite repeated attacks by Rama, and was killed only when Rama pierced his navel with an arrow. The navel corresponds to the seat of power in the body.

Our digestive system is governed by the Manipoorak Chakra, which is the storehouse of power for the body. It is therefore extremely essential to strengthen and rejuvenate it to ensure health and longevity.

In this article, Yogi Ashwini shows the asanas that will work wonders in conditions of indigestion, constipation, acidity, excessive wind, lack of appetite, diabetes, disorders of reproductive system and varicose veins.

Note: For all asanas you need to lie down on your back with legs together and straight. Arms maybe folded to keep palms below the head or placed by the sides with palms facing downward. Keep your eyes closed and internalise as it will help in keeping your awareness on the body part that is being worked upon. Maintain ujjai breathing and synchronise the movement with your breath. The effect of all these asanas becomes manifold when practiced with your Guru who channelizes energy into each asana.

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Utthanpad (raised leg) – This asana strengthens the abdominal, pelvic and perineal muscles and massages the organs of the lower body. It is also beneficial in correcting prolapse. For this asana, inhale and raise your right leg as high as comfortable. Hold for a count of seven. Exhaling lower the leg. Repeat with left leg. Repeat the set seven times. Now raise both your legs to an angle of 90 degree from the ground. Hold for a count of seven. Exhaling lower the legs to angle of 60 degrees. Hold once again for a count of seven. Lower further to an angle of 30 degrees and hold for a count of seven. Place the legs on the floor. This completes one round, repeat seven times.

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Chakrapad (leg circles) – Raise your right leg to an angle of 15 degrees. Now carve a circle with the leg without bending the knee. Make as big a circle as possible, inhaling for half circle and exhaling for the other half. Repeat seven times in clockwise and anticlockwise directions. Repeat the same with left leg. Now, raise both the legs together, keeping them joint. Rotate them in a similar fashion seven times clockwise and seven times anti-clockwise. This asana tones up abdominal and spinal muscles, helps curb obesity and strengthens hip joints.

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Padsanchalan (cycling) – While exhaling, fold the right leg to bring the knee close to the chest. Inhaling raise and straighten the leg completely stretching it forward. Repeat seven times in forward and backward direction. Repeat on left leg. Next, raise both legs and practice alternate cycling with both legs as if peddling a bicycle. Repeat seven times in forward and backward directions. Finally raise both legs and keeping them together make forward and backward cyclical movements.courtsey -yahoo India Style.

Vietnamese Buddhists Honor Parents in Vu Lan Festival

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By Shyamal Sinha,New Delhi

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Buddhists across Vietnam observed the Vu Lan festival on 17 August. From e.vnexpress.net

Vu Lan” is a Sanskrit-Chinese phonetic transcription of Ullambana, also called Vu Lan Bon. The original Sanskrit term Ullambana means “hang upside down”; this meaning symbolizes the extreme suffering that tormented souls in hell must endure.

Vietnam’s Buddhist community last week celebrated the annual Vu Lan festival to honor parents and ancestors. A time to remember the deceased as well as living parents and grandparents, the occasion is aalso a and a reminder to honor one’s parents for the good deeds they have performed on behalf of their children, and to remember one’s responsibilities as children. In the capital Hanoi, thousands of people flocked to Phuc Khanh Pagoda to mark the occasion in defiance of the rainy weather, filling the small pagoda and lining the surrounding streets.

Vu Lan is celebrated on the 15th day of the 7th month of the lunar calendar, which this year fell on 17 August. The festival is also known as Vietnamese Mother’s Day and Trung Nguyen, and is also believed to be the day on which lost souls search for mercy and return to their former homes. The second-largest festival in the Vietnamese calendar after Tết Nguyên Đán, the Vietnamese New Year, Vu Lan is celebrated throughout the country. In addition to visiting temples and making offerings to monks, people engage in compassionate activities such as releasing birds and fish back into the wild, and offering gifts and flowers to their parents as an expression of appreciation and gratitude.

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In Hanoi, thousands of people defied rainy weather by flocking to Phuc Khanh Pagoda to mark the occasion. From vietnamnet.vn

Vu Lan is the Vietnamese version of the Chinese Zhong Yuan Jie or Yu Lan Jie festival, which is celebrated in the same month of the lunar calendar. The festival’s Sanskrit name, Ullambana originates in the Mahayana Ullambana Sutra, which consists of a discourse by Shakyamuni Buddha to Maudgalyayana, one of his two chief disciples, about saving his mother from suffering after death. According to the story related in the sutra, Maudgalyayana had a vision in which he saw his mother reborn as a hungry ghost due to her evil actions while alive. The Buddha advised Maudgalyayana to organize an assembly of monks to make offerings for the benefit of his deceased mother. The festival is widely observed in many countries in which Mahayana Buddhism is practiced. In addition to honoring one’s parents and ancestors, the main purpose of the festival is to make offerings to the sangha and to pray for the liberation of the deceased who have been reborn into undesirable states.

Observance of the festival also extended to the Vietnamese Buddhist community in the United States—including at Chua Giac Hoa Temple in Amarillo, Texas. Venerable Thich Tin Nghia from Dallas led the celebrations on 14 August, which included a two-hour prayer session. “We are praying for parents still alive and great, great grandparents passed away,” the Buddhist monk said. (Amarillo Globe-News)

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Children participate in a feet-washing ceremony as a part of the observances for Vu Lan. From e.vnexpress.net

Phuong Tao, treasurer for the temple, noted that people were particularly grateful to the Ven. Nghia for leading the ceremony as there are no Vietnamese monks in Amarillo. “He is our religious advisor, so for festivals and activities he is here to help us . . . to make sure we do everything right,” she observed. (Amarillo Globe-News) While the Westerners have Mother’s Day and Father’s Day to be proud of, Vietnamese treasure their seventh lunar month festival in general and the Vu Lan day in particular as a time to show gratitude to their parents and to practice Compassion and Charitable Giving, two of the most revered virtues in Buddhism.

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche’s Fourth Film Debuts in Switzerland

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By Shyamal Sinha,New Delhi

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Hema Hema, a modern fairytale largely shot in a remote village in Bhutan, examines the themes of identity and the transition between life and death. From tumblr.com

 Bhutanese lama, filmmaker, and writer Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche made its world premiere in Switzerland earlier this month. Titled Hema Hema: Sing Me a Song While I Wait, the film debuted at the Locarno Film Festival (3–13 August) to a positive reception.

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche has previously directed three major feature films: Vara: A Blessing(2013), Travellers and Magicians (2003), and The Cup (1999). He is also the author of the books Not for Happiness: A Guide to the So-Called Preliminary Practices (Shambhala, 2012) and What Makes You Not a Buddhist (Shambhala, 2007).

Hema Hema, which can been translated as “once upon a time . . .” takes the form of a modern fairytale, largely shot in a remote village in Bhutan, that examines the themes of identity, anonymity, illusion, reality, and the transition between life and death.

 “The whole notion of the story, the setup, is sort of imagined and you cannot really say it’s a documentary of a specific society; it’s really invented. But having said that, there are certain universal values, or stories, or emotions that we can relate to,” Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche said of the film in a recent interview with the Bhutan Broadcasting Service. “[The primary theme of] identity . . . is really something that we human beings cling onto so much. Even if you look at the world today, so many people suffer due to the lack of identity, or having no identity at times. We all have names, for instance—you have a name, I have a name, and then on top of that we have title, we have gender, we have citizen cards, we have passports, we have addresses, we have homes, we have friends who can validate our existence. So identity is very important.” (YouTube)

Executive producer Jeremy Thomas, known for working on such cinematic hits as Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence (1982), The Last Emperor (1987), and Little Buddha (1993), presented the screening in Locarno, alongside Bhutanese producer and photographer Pawo Choyning Dorji.

“I’ve been with [Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche] in all his films, to sort of support him,” said Thomas, who also spent time in Bhutan for the filming of Little Buddha, on which Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche worked as a consultant. “He also has an enormous film knowledge; really knows cinema back to front. . . . The story that he’s telling in this film it has a credibility to it, because of his telling the story. It’s the story of a man’s [spiritual] journey to act the way you would act if you had no identity.” (Variety)

The film is scheduled to make its North American premiere this year at the Toronto International Film Festival (8–18 September).

 Born in Bhutan in 1961 and now based in Himachal Pradesh, India, Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche is the son of Thinley Norbu Rinpoche and was a student of Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. He is recognized as the third incarnation of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo (1820–92), founder of the Khyentse lineage, and the immediate incarnation of Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö (1893–1959). His projects include the Khyentse Foundation, which provides the financial support necessary to fulfill his aspirations; 84000, which oversees the translation of the Word of the Buddha into modern languages; Lotus Outreach, which directs a wide range of projects to help refugees; and most recently The Lhomon Society, which promotes sustainable development in Bhutan through education.From a young age he has been active in the preservation of the Buddhist teaching, establishing centres of learning, supporting practitioners, publishing books and teaching all over the world. Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche supervises his traditional seat of Dzongsar Monastery and its retreat centers in Eastern Tibet, as well as his new colleges in India (inBir and Chowntra (Himachal Pradesh)) and Bhutan. He has also established centres in Australia, North America and the Far East.

China’s Xi says wants to ensure ‘correct direction’ of Myanmar ties

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Myanmar State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi (L) and Chinese Premier Xi Jinping (R) poses for the media before a meeting at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, China, on 19 August 2016.
Myanmar State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi (L) and Chinese Premier Xi Jinping (R) poses for the media before a meeting at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, China, on 19 August 2016.
Myanmar State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi (L) and Chinese Premier Xi Jinping (R) poses for the media before a meeting at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, China, on 19 August 2016.

By Ben Blanchard and Aung Hla Tun | Reuters

BEIJING/YANGON, 20 August 2016

Chinese President Xi Jinping told Myanmar leader Aung San Suu Kyi on Friday China wants to ensure relations develop in the “correct direction”, as Myanmar activists wrote to Xi saying they want China to address concern about a stalled dam project.

China has been on a diplomatic offensive since Suu Kyi’s government came to power in April, aiming to forge good ties with its resource-rich neighbour.

“The people in Myanmar stand at a new starting point for a splendid future of the country,” Xi told Suu Kyi.

“We should adhere to the correct direction, to push for new progress in bilateral relations and to bring tangible benefits to the two peoples.”

He made no mention of the Chinese-invested $3.6 billion Myitsone dam project in comments in front of reporters.

Former Myanmar President Thein Sein angered China in 2011 when he suspended work on the hydro-power dam, at the confluence of two northern rivers in the Ayeyarwady river basin, after it drew widespread protests on environmental grounds.

China has been pushing for work to restart on the dam, which under the original plans would have sent 90 percent of its power to China.

A Myanmar commission reviewing the project, and other proposed hydro-power dams, is expected to report by 11 November.

Chinese state radio paraphrased Suu Kyi as saying the commission would try to find the “best resolution” for the dam issue, though she said she had no way of knowing what that was.

In Myanmar’s largest city of Yangon, a group of 60 civil society groups on Thursday sent a letter to Xi via China’s embassy saying they hoped China was giving proper thought to their concerns.

“We believe the People’s Republic of China will take into serious consideration the fact that the opinion of Myanmar’s people has never been sought extensively enough since the Myitsone project was first conceived,” the groups said in their letter.

Thwin Linn Aung of Genuine People’s Servants, one of the organizers of the letter, told Reuters they had sent it to show support for Suu Kyi and ask China “not to apply pressure on her”.

Finding a solution to the Myitsone project is important for Suu Kyi who needs China’s cooperation in talks with Myanmar ethnic minority armed groups operating along the border with China.

Suu Kyi said Myanmar would work hard with China on border stability and not allow anything to happen which could affect “friendly relations” with its neighbours, Chinese state television said.

Xi said China would continue to play a “constructive role” in promoting Myanmar’s peace process, the report added.

Where Do China-India Relations Stand After the Chinese Foreign Minister’s Visit?

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Sushma Swaraj and Wang Yi. Credit: PTI

By R.S. Kalha on 18 August 2016 – The Wire

China’s idea of bilateral relations seems to be to aggressively push their national interests while dismissing India’s concerns as unimportant.

Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi was in Delhi on August 13, 2016 for talks with his counterpart, external affairs minister Sushma Swaraj. As is customary, Wang also had an audience with Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The main purpose of Wang’s visit, according to Xinhua news agency, was to “conduct strategic communications with India”. So what did the Chinese minister wish to convey, what did he seek from India and did he succeed in his mission?

Conversations between Modi, Swaraj and Wang are, of course, not in the public domain. Neither have these conversations been spelt out in great detail by either side. But, reading between the lines, the contours are ever so slightly visible.

This must also be placed alongside the current state of the overall relationship between the two countries for better appreciation. There is no doubt that after the Nuclear Suppliers Group episode and the earlier “technical hold” that China had placed on India’s application to include Jaish-e-Mohammed chief Masood Azar in the UN sanctions list, bilateral relations are considerably tense. Needlessly, the Chinese have brought themselves to this pass by looking the other way when their “iron friend” indulged in thoughtless adventurism by encouraging terrorist attacks against India.

The Chinese press (Xinhua) maintains that at the end of Wang’s visit, a “consensus” was reached. The “two sides agreed to strengthen mutual support over the successful organization of the upcoming G20 and BRICS Summits” and that China is willing to “boost mutual support with India towards this end”. The Chinese have also made it clear that the South China Sea issue was of vital national concern and that India should “fully comprehend Beijing’s concerns”. In other words, a warning for India: Do not take any stand on the dispute that hurts China’s interests, as there may be other side-effects! Probably what Wang had in mind was that the phrase used in the joint communique issued at the end of the foreign ministers’ trilateral meeting (Russia, China and India) in Moscow earlier this year could be used once again. According to the Chinese, India had agreed that the South China Sea issue be addressed through talks between the parties concerned. Has India agreed to this formulation for the G20 and BRICS summits? The Chinese seem to be hinting that this is so.

As for India’s concerns regarding Masood Azar; these were airily dismissed by advising India not to let “individual problems obstruct the course of co-operation”. But curiously, Xinhua also suggested that both sides had reached a consensus that “individual problems [Masood Azar] will eventually be solved through strengthening of mutual trust and reduction of unnecessary misunderstandings”. How is this “trust” to be achieved? Will China take the first step to remove these “unnecessary misunderstandings”? This hardly seems likely, given the state of relations that exist between China and Pakistan at present. In the same context, India’s concerns about the China Pakistan Economic Corridor, expressed by the external affairs ministry, were probably met with silence or at best with the homily that the issue of Kashmir be settled between India and Pakistan. So a stalemate on these issues between India and China is very likely to continue.

On the NSG, the Chinese, who are adept at obfuscating issues, denied that they were the prime movers in blocking India’s attempt to gain entry. While loudly proclaiming that India has “wrongly” blamed China for blocking its entry into the group, the Chinese tried to morph Indian public opinion in their favour by stating that the door for entry was “not tightly shut”. However, Wang appears only to have conceded the need for further talks by offering to let the chief Chinese negotiator meet his Indian counterpart. But there is a catch here too. According to Xinhua, “future discussions between India and China can only proceed on the basis of safeguarding an international non-proliferation mechanism”. So will the Chinese lift their objections to India’s entry to the NSG? Again, hardly likely. All the spin about talks is designed to lull opposition till the G20 summit is over –  the successful holding of which is a prime Chinese political requirement, particularly as Chinese President Xi Jinping is personally committed and his prestige is involved.

It seems that during Wang’s visit, the Sino-Indian boundary issue and the need to strengthen border management was also mentioned. The eastern sector of this border is the most important and sensitive, from India’s point of view. Sometimes, it remains inexplicable as to why we do not press the Chinese harder for clarification on the line of actual control (LAC). On November 4, 1962, then Chinese Prime Minister Zhou Enlai wrote an official letter to Nehru and confirmed that “in the east the LAC coincides with the McMahon Line”. Zhou also sarcastically noted that “I believe the Indian government must be having in its possession the original McMahon map”. Quite rightly so, it does. And the Chinese government also has in its possession a copy of the original McMahon map, which they inherited from the Tibetan authorities when they occupied Lhasa. So with both the Indian and the Chinese authorities having in their possession the original McMahon map, it should be easy to read the coordinates and demarcate the LAC.  But the Chinese realise that if they were to do that, they would be confirming the McMahon line and its demarcation.

It is this commitment that the Chinese try to avoid when they avoid the whole process of LAC clarification. We should press them at every forum and not let them resile from their earlier position.

R.S. Kalha is a former secretary, Ministry of External Affairs and a member of the National Human Rights Commission. He can be contacted at rskalha.blogspot.com